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From Cointegration to Out-of-Sample Failure: A Pairs-Trading Case Study on PEP-KO

Davide Graziano · 2026 · arXiv (Cornell University)

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2609.35359 · cited by 0 works (OpenAlex) · open-access PDF

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Este artículo examina si una estrategia de negociación de pares basada en la cointegración entre PepsiCo y The Coca-Cola Company es estadísticamente robusta y explotable económicamente. Primero probamos la cointegración y estimamos la dinámica de reversión media del spread durante 2013-2018, luego mantenemos estos parámetros estadísticos fijos y optimizamos una estrategia de negociación basada en el umbral en la muestra durante 2018-2023. La robustez se evalúa a través de pruebas de coste de transacción y sensibilidad de parámetros, validación de paso adelante y ratio de Sharpe ajustado y deflatado. La estrategia se evalúa luego fuera de la muestra desde 2023 hasta el presente, incluyendo un análisis de las relaciones de cobertura que varían en el tiempo utilizando el OLS rolling y un

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

This paper examines whether a cointegration-based pairs trading strategy between PepsiCo and The Coca-Cola Company is statistically robust and economically exploitable. We first test for cointegration and estimate the spread's mean-reversion dynamics over 2013-2018, then hold these statistical parameters fixed and optimise a threshold-based trading strategy in-sample over 2018-2023. Robustness is assessed through transaction-cost and parameter sensitivity tests, walk-forward validation, and Adjusted and Deflated Sharpe Ratios. The strategy is then evaluated out-of-sample from 2023 to the present, including an analysis of time-varying hedge ratios using rolling OLS and a Kalman filter. The results show that weakening mean-reversion dynamics in the spread undermine the effectiveness of the strategy out-of-sample.

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Topics: Sharpe ratio, Econometrics, Cointegration, Robustness (evolution), Economics, Pairs trade

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