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When LLM-Generated Refactorings Ripple: An Empirical Study of Repository Adoption Readiness

Muhammad Waseem, Aakash Ahmad, Pekka Abrahamsson · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.24790 · open-access PDF

German

Große Sprachmodelle (LLMs) werden zunehmend für Refactor-Quelldateien verwendet, aber Datei-Local-Evaluationen zeigen keine Änderungen an Verträgen, Abhängigkeiten oder Anruferannahmen, die die Repository-Adoption beeinflussen. Um diese Lücke zu beheben, führen wir 1.500 Generationsversuche über 150 Produktionsdateien aus 15 Open-Source-Java-Repositorys, fünf LLM-Konfigurationen und zwei abhängigkeitsbewusste Generationsbedingungen durch: Single-Prompt-Refactoring und LangGraph-basierte Multi-Agent-Refactoring.

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to refactor source files, but file-local evaluations do not reveal changes to contracts, dependencies, or caller assumptions affecting repository adoption. To address this gap, we conduct 1,500 generation attempts across 150 production files from 15 open-source Java repositories, five LLM configurations, and two dependency-aware generation conditions: single-prompt refactoring and LangGraph-based multi-agent refactoring. Of these attempts, 1,455 yield complete candidates eligible for analysis. We evaluate these candidates using local changes,

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