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Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Market Making on Prediction-Market Order Books

Skander Lejmi · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.26789 · open-access PDF

Indonesian

Seorang pembuat pasar menyediakan likuiditas dengan mengutip harga untuk membeli dan menjual aset, menghasilkan spread sambil mengelola risiko inventaris. kami mempelajari pembuat pasar yang dilatih dengan pembelajaran multi-agent penguatan pada pasar prediksi, khususnya Polymarket, yang buku pesanan tipisnya menimbulkan tantangan yang berbeda. Tiga tantangan mendasari penelitian ini: seleksi negatif dapat menyebabkan kebijakan yang dilatih pada data nyata untuk menghentikan penawaran; konsekuensi dari kutipan dapat tiba banyak langkah setelah tindakan; dan data pasar prediksi L2 tidak mengidentifikasi pesanan individu yang diperlukan untuk simulasi.

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

A market maker provides liquidity by quoting prices to buy and sell an asset, earning the spread while managing inventory risk. We study market makers trained with multi-agent reinforcement learning on prediction markets, specifically Polymarket, whose thin order books pose distinct challenges. Three challenges underpin this research: adverse selection may cause a policy trained on real data to stop quoting; the consequences of a quote can arrive many steps after the action; and prediction-market L2 data does not identify individual orders needed for simulation. We address these challenges by

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