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PICA-WAM: Visual Perturbation Invariance via Cross-Appearance Self-Alignment in World Action Models

Yude Zou, Yifei Yao, Guanbo Jiao, Jianming Ma, Guanjie Zheng, Xing Gao · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.26813 · open-access PDF

Portuguese

Os modelos de ação mundial (WAMs) preveem conjuntamente o vídeo futuro e geram ações, mas permanecem sensíveis a perturbações visuais irrelevantes à tarefa, ou seja, mudanças na aparência visual que não devem afetar o comportamento do robô. Identificamos uma lacuna no treinamento convencional WAM: a previsão de vídeo incentiva as representações a preservarem informações de aparência, enquanto a geração de ação não impõe explicitamente a invariância à aparência irrelevante à tarefa.

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

World Action Models (WAMs) jointly predict future video and generate actions, yet remain sensitive to task-irrelevant visual perturbations, i.e., changes in visual appearance that should not affect robot behavior. We identify a gap in conventional WAM training: video prediction encourages representations to preserve appearance information, while action generation does not explicitly enforce invariance to task-irrelevant appearance. Data augmentation exposes WAMs to such perturbations but does not require perturbed and nominal observations to produce consistent action representations, and align

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