Auditor-Assisted Summary-Channel Verification for Hosted LLM Identity Substitution

Ziyi Zhang, Ziyao Wang, Guoheng Sun, Ang Li, Jian Li · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.25982 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Hosted LLM services increasingly expose model identity as a product claim, but external users and auditors often cannot inspect which model configuration served a request. We study an auditor-assisted regime in which a trusted auditor enrolls claimed identities and prepares verification material before deployment, while audit-time verification uses only the claimed identity and released output, without runtime access to model internals, inference logs, routing decisions, or provider metadata. We propose SUMMARK, a summary-channel watermarking framework that uses user-visible reasoning summarie

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