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Same Judgment, Different Yes: Measuring Multilingual Judgment Profiles in Language Models

Haonan Huang, Yuwei Lu, Chengkun Cai · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.28066 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Multilingual evaluations often score a model's opening yes or no, a token that also carries model and language answering conventions. We ask when different ways of eliciting and reading an answer recover the same judgment, and when they measure an answer habit. We collect 1.1 million replies from eight models in six languages on up to 105 moral vignettes, varying the question's form, the answer constraint, and the reading of the reply, token or sentence, in both wordings (the FAR-6 battery). Story-level judgment profiles converge across the tested readouts and question forms, except for the ye

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