RACE: Learning Multimodal Search through Referential Abstraction and Compositional Evidence

Eric Tao, Minhao Sun, Liyan Liu, Zhijing Wu, Xiaohan Yu, Lang Mei, Li Huang, Chao Feng · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.28382 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Training multimodal search agents requires tasks that make visually grounded search necessary for determining the answer. Textual identity clues and unused target evidence allow shortcuts in synthetic questions, weakening supervision for visual search and evidence integration. We propose RACE, an image-conditioned task synthesis framework that constructs dependencies from images to targets and from target-specific evidence to answers. Referential Abstraction (RA) replaces identity-revealing text with specific visual references or ambiguous relational references resolved by searching among depi

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