Capable Teacher, Myopic Scorer: Reward-Free Teacher Repair for Agentic On-Policy Distillation

Shu Zhao, Tan Yu · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.28586 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Agentic on-policy distillation (OPD) trains a student agent on its own trajectories while a teacher scores every token. A natural explanation of where it goes wrong is compounding error: the student's mistakes carry its trajectories beyond the region where the teacher is reliable, so recent methods keep training inside that region, through episode-length curricula, teacher-guided turns, prefix replay, or teacher intervention where the two disagree. We show this explanation is incomplete. From the states where the student departs most from the teacher, the teacher's own takeovers still finish t

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