VERDICT: Multi-Agent Parallel Modular Verification

Tengjie Lin, Zhongyi Wang, Haokun Li, Jianwei Yin, Mingshuai Chen · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.29147 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Deductive verification scales to large software systems through modular reasoning, where formal contracts summarize the behavior of individual functions and enable their independent verification. Its central bottleneck is specification synthesis: constructing the contracts required for modular verification. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled automated specification synthesis at unprecedented scale. However, existing approaches remain fundamentally bottom-up, requiring callees to be verified before their callers. This dependency limits parallelism and provides no princ

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