Newest papers

Automated Materials Data and Knowledge Extraction using Machine Learning and Large Language Models

Arjun Sundaram, B. Pabitramohan Prusty, Rohit Batra · 2026 · arXiv (Cornell University)

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2610.29895 · cited by 0 works (OpenAlex) · open-access PDF

French

Au cours de la dernière décennie, des efforts considérables ont été déployés pour développer des méthodes d'apprentissage automatique (ML) pour extraire des données matérielles et, le cas échéant, des connaissances matérielles directement de la littérature scientifique. Cette revue suit l'évolution de ces méthodes, des pipelines heuristiques basées sur des règles à travers des modèles de traitement de langue naturelle (NLP) et des encodeurs basés sur des transformateurs, pour enfin développer de grands modèles de langue (LLM) et des systèmes d'agent capables d'extraire des informations sur les matériaux à travers de multiples modalités, y compris le texte, les tables et les chiffres. En plus de la construction de grandes bases de données de matériaux interrogables et

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

Over the past decade, substantial efforts have been devoted to developing machine learning (ML) methods for extracting materials data and, where possible, materials knowledge directly from the scientific literature. This review traces the evolution of these methods from heuristic, rule-based pipelines through natural language processing (NLP) models and transformer-based encoders to, lastly, large language models (LLMs) and agentic systems capable of extracting materials information across multiple modalities, including text, tables, and figures. Beside construction of large, queryable materials databases and knowledge graphs that support downstream materials discovery, we discuss how these advances have enabled new capabilities, such as, generic question answering across materials science, AI co-scientists and chatbots for research assistance, and closed-loop optimization and discovery when integrated with autonomous laboratories. We critically assess the datasets generated using these approaches, their extraction accuracy and computational costs, and the respective strengths and limitations of different methodologies, and even provide practical guidelines for developing more reliable and scalable materials data extraction pipelines. Finally, we identify key open challenges, including the extraction of full materials structure-property-processing-performance tetrahedron at the sample level, the scarcity of reliable benchmark datasets for systematic evaluation, and the resolution of non-standard materials terminology across different document modalities.

Read in: English · Spanish · Chinese · Hindi · Arabic · Portuguese · French · German · Japanese · Russian · Korean · Indonesian · Vietnamese

Topics: Computer science, Terminology, Artificial intelligence, Machine learning, Knowledge extraction, Information extraction

Sources: OpenAlex (CC0), arXiv, Crossref. Agent Exchange