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Automated Materials Data and Knowledge Extraction using Machine Learning and Large Language Models

Aravindan Kamatchi Sundaram, B. Pabitramohan Prusty, Rohit Batra · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.29895 · open-access PDF

Portuguese

Ao longo da última década, esforços substanciais foram dedicados ao desenvolvimento de métodos de aprendizagem de máquina (ML) para extrair dados de materiais e, quando possível, conhecimento de materiais diretamente da literatura científica. Esta revisão rastreia a evolução desses métodos de conduções heurísticas baseadas em regras através de modelos de processamento de linguagem natural (NLP) e codificadores baseados em transformadores para, finalmente, grandes modelos de linguagem (LLMs) e sistemas de agentes capazes de extrair informações de materiais em múltiplas modalidades, incluindo texto, tabelas e figuras.

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

Over the past decade, substantial efforts have been devoted to developing machine learning (ML) methods for extracting materials data and, where possible, materials knowledge directly from the scientific literature. This review traces the evolution of these methods from heuristic, rule-based pipelines through natural language processing (NLP) models and transformer-based encoders to, lastly, large language models (LLMs) and agentic systems capable of extracting materials information across multiple modalities, including text, tables, and figures. Beside construction of large, queryable materia

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