What the Trace Shows and What the Label Says: Auditing Behavioral Detectors in Agent Evaluation

Idunnuoluwa A. Adeniji, Shilpika, Michael E. Papka · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.30491 · open-access PDF

Abstract

LLM agents are often evaluated by reducing execution traces to labels such as final-answer correctness, tool verification, and fault propagation. These labels are measurements produced by parsers, behavioral detectors, and harness rules, and they may not fully capture what the trace shows. We study this in a tool-use setting built on GSM8K, where agents call a calculator whose outputs are occasionally corrupted, giving clear ground truth for what the tool returned, what the model later used, and what the detectors reported. We audit three trace-level detectors across six production models and

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