ReCoG: Relational Concept Graph for Training-Free Personalization

Changseon Yu, Hyeokjun Kweon · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.31282 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Training-free personalization adapts a frozen vision-language model (VLM) to recognize user-defined concepts from only a few exemplars by retrieving concept entries at inference time. While recent retriever-based methods enrich each concept with descriptive evidence, they largely treat concepts in isolation, so the retrieved information can be plausible yet non-discriminative, especially when the personalized concept set contains highly confusable, fine-grained categories. We argue that personalization is inherently relational: correct recognition depends on the specific distinctions between a

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