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AfterDeleteBench: Auditing Post-Deletion Information Persistence in LLM Agents

Ehsan Saleh, Roozbeh Nahavandi, Sama Salarian, Raef Bassily, Andrew Perrault · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.31366 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Many LLM agents maintain external persistent memory and derive additional state from past interactions, such as summaries. Deleting an original memory record therefore need not remove information carried by its descendants. We introduce AfterDeleteBench, a controlled behavioral audit for this failure mode in fixed-weight LLM agents. For each synthetic secret, we compare an exposed-then-deleted agent with an otherwise matched agent that was never exposed to the secret, allowing post-deletion recovery to be attributed to the original exposure. In our primary setting, a single query recovers the

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