DIAL: Steerable Language Models with Distilled Instruction-Adherence Levels

Thanh Q. Tran, John Russell Himawan, Arun Verma, Kiwan Wong, Wei Xiao, Daniela Rus, Bryan Kian Hsiang Low · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.31438 · open-access PDF

Abstract

When a user says "Keep it short", how short should the LLM's response be? More generally, users and applications require different levels of instruction adherence, but prompting does not reliably provide fine-grained control over them. We therefore study "steerable language models" that provide fine-grained numerical control over the degree to which models follow general instructions specified in text. However, existing approaches do not jointly offer fine-grained control, efficiency, and scalability across diverse instructions. To address this gap, we introduce DIAL (Distilled Instruction-Adh

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