Proof-of-Machine-Learning-Inference: Mining Knowledge, Not Hashes

Wan Ki Wong, Michele Ciampi, Rik Sarkar · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.26713 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Bitcoin-style Proof-of-Work (PoW) secures permissionless blockchains but spends substantial computation on hash puzzles which have no utility other than extending the chain. At the same time, we have seen that the rise of generative AI has created significant demand for computational resources that are unfortunately available only to a few players. We propose a solution that solves both problems at the same time. In particular, we present Proof-of-ML-Inference (PoML), a consensus protocol in which miners perform user-requested machine-learning inference as part of their consensus algorithm. We

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