RELAY: Scaling Historical Build Restoration through Rule Reuse and Agentic Repair

Olivier Nourry, Yoshiki Higo · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.27784 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Vulnerability benchmarks and software engineering research depend on rebuilding historical software. Yet builds rely on external resources, such as base images and packages, that change independently of the source code. In this study, we examine this environment decay on 14,159 OSS-Fuzz cases. We find that 69.7% no longer complete reconstruction and verification, and that most failures share a small number of recurring failure symptoms. A recurring failure can therefore be diagnosed once and its repair reused. We present Relay, a hybrid framework that uses an LLM to derive and validate determi

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