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Reading Too Much Into It? Interpretive Preferences and Commitment in LLM Mentalisation under Ambiguity

Stephanie Fong, Yiwen Jiang, Qingyang Xu, Zimu Wang, Yaling Shen, Xiangyu Zhao, Jiahe Liu, Yinghao Zhang, Vincent Lee, Dominic Edmund Dwyer · 2026 · arXiv (Cornell University)

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2610.28105 · cited by 0 works (OpenAlex) · open-access PDF

Arabic

يتم استخدام نموذج اللغة الكبيرة (LLMs) بشكل متزايد لتشجيع الآخرين، مما يتيح للمستخدمين التفكير في كيفية التعامل مع المشاكل الاجتماعية المعقدة. تعتمد تقييمات نظرية العقل الحالية عادة على الإجابات المحددة، في حين أن البحث عن عدم اليقين يلجأ إلى التفكير المفضل والتأكد من LLMs تحت الأزمات النفسية. لإزالة هذه الفجوات، ونحن نقدم MentalLoom، وهو تقييم جديد من التفكير LLM الذي يحتوي على 604 تحديات اجتماعية معقدة، والتعليقات على الاكتئاب والاضطرابات الاجتماعية المرتبطة، والاتفاقيات على أربعة أطراف مع إشارات الأحداث المتغيرة. على مدى ث

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for interpersonal advice, potentially shaping how users interpret ambiguous social encounters. Existing Theory of Mind evaluations typically rely on predefined answers, while uncertainty research overlooks LLMs' preferred explanations and confidence under psychological distress. To address these gaps, we introduce MentalLoom, a novel evaluation of LLM mentalisation comprising 604 ambiguous social episodes, matched depression and social anxiety disclosures, and four-turn dialogues with unchanged event evidence. Across eight LLMs, disclosures initially elicited more negative explanations overall but more positive narrator-directed interpretations. Scripted repeated questioning showed greater emotional support, stronger positive narrator-directed endorsement, and higher certainty without new event evidence. These findings show that user context can reshape interpretive preferences and commitment while the underlying ambiguity remains unresolved.

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Topics: Ambiguity, Psychology, Certainty, Social psychology, Context (archaeology), Reading (process)

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