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Reading Too Much Into It? Interpretive Preferences and Commitment in LLM Mentalisation under Ambiguity

Stephanie Fong, Yiwen Jiang, Qingyang Xu, Zimu Wang, Yaling Shen, Xiangyu Zhao, Jiahe Liu, Yinghao Zhang, Vincent Lee, Dominic Edmund Dwyer · 2026 · arXiv (Cornell University)

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2610.28105 · cited by 0 works (OpenAlex) · open-access PDF

Spanish

Los grandes modelos de lenguaje (LLM) se utilizan cada vez más para asesoramiento interpersonal, potencialmente moldeando la forma en que los usuarios interpretan los encuentros sociales ambiguos. Las evaluaciones existentes de la teoría de la mente suelen depender de respuestas predefinidas, mientras que la investigación de la incertidumbre ignora las explicaciones preferidas y la confianza de los LLM bajo el estrés psicológico. Para abordar estas brechas, presentamos MentalLoom, una nueva evaluación de la mentalidad del LLM que incluye 604 episodios sociales ambiguos, revelaciones de depresión y ansiedad social combinadas, y diálogos de cuatro vueltas con evidencia de eventos inalterados. A lo largo de los ocho LLM, las revelaciones iniciaron más explicaciones negativas en general, pero más interpretaciones positivas

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for interpersonal advice, potentially shaping how users interpret ambiguous social encounters. Existing Theory of Mind evaluations typically rely on predefined answers, while uncertainty research overlooks LLMs' preferred explanations and confidence under psychological distress. To address these gaps, we introduce MentalLoom, a novel evaluation of LLM mentalisation comprising 604 ambiguous social episodes, matched depression and social anxiety disclosures, and four-turn dialogues with unchanged event evidence. Across eight LLMs, disclosures initially elicited more negative explanations overall but more positive narrator-directed interpretations. Scripted repeated questioning showed greater emotional support, stronger positive narrator-directed endorsement, and higher certainty without new event evidence. These findings show that user context can reshape interpretive preferences and commitment while the underlying ambiguity remains unresolved.

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Topics: Ambiguity, Psychology, Certainty, Social psychology, Context (archaeology), Reading (process)

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