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Continuous-Time Policy Gradient from Discrete Data: Convergence Analysis and Model-Free Algorithms

Martin Hernandez, Xinyan Qing, Mo Zhou, Yuhua Zhu · 2026 · arXiv (Cornell University)

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2610.28580 · cited by 0 works (OpenAlex) · open-access PDF

Arabic

ويبحث تعزيز البيانات المتواصلة عن سياسة إيجابية تحت الأزمات غير المعروفة التي تديرها التوازنات الفرعية باستخدام الملاحظات التي تم جمعها في الأوقات المحددة. نحن نطمح إلى بناء إطار سياساتي يتماشى مع تحليل التوازن الصارم مع التعلم من البيانات المحددة. نحن أولاً نأخذ فصول التوازن السياسى تحت الأزمات غير المعروفة ونأخذ فصول التوازن السياسى تحت الأزمات المحددة وغير المعروفة. ثم نضيف هذه الإطارية مع PhiBE، الذي يُصنع منتجًا مستمرًا من الوقت المحدد من بيانات التوازن المحدد. ونأخذ خطة التوازن التي تختلف بشكل واضح من مساهمة الخطأ الإيجابي، خطأ السياس

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

Continuous-time reinforcement learning seeks an optimal policy under unknown dynamics driven by stochastic differential equations using observations collected at discrete times. We develop a policy gradient framework that combines rigorous convergence analysis with learning from discrete data. We first establish a performance difference lemma and derive policy gradient formulas for randomized and parametrized policies. We then prove exponential convergence of an entropy-regularized policy flow to the regularized optimum. For discrete parametrized updates, we derive a convergence bound that explicitly separates the contributions of critic error, policy-regression error, and the learning step size. To enable learning under unknown dynamics, we integrate this framework with PhiBE, which constructs a continuous-time surrogate generator from discrete transition data. The resulting on-policy and off-policy model-free actor-critic algorithms preserve the continuous-time structure of the control problem. Numerical experiments on an entropy-regularized linear-quadratic regulator and a nonlinear wheeled robot demonstrate the performance and stability of the proposed methods with both known and data-driven dynamics.

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Topics: Convergence (economics), Reinforcement learning, Mathematics, Lemma (botany), Stability (learning theory), Discrete time and continuous time

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