Where Should a Stuck Agent Spend Its Next Tokens? Causal Attribution of Inference-Time Resources

Saiyue Lyu, Jerrold Huang, Yunbei Zhang, Janet Wang, Zhenting Wang, Yingqiang Ge, Haibo Zhang · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.28834 · open-access PDF

Arabic

ونحن نقدم نموذج Banzhaf Resource Attribution (BRA) ، وهو نموذج معقّد يقيّد مساهمة كل من الموارد في إصلاحها وتفاعلاتها مع الحفاظ على الوضع المفقود وبرنامج الإصلاح المفقود.نقدّم نموذجًا سادسًا على 194 نقصًا على مستوى الوظائف من MBPP+ وHumanEval+ و 126 نقصًا على مستوى المكاتب من SWE-bench Verified.

Machine translation (Meta M2M100); the English original follows.

Abstract

Inference-time scaling is often treated as a token-budget problem, but a failed coding agent can seek qualitatively different resources: computation, information, or feedback. We introduce Banzhaf Resource Attribution (BRA), a controlled factorial framework that measures each resource's marginal contribution to repair and its interactions while holding the failed state and revision protocol fixed. We evaluate six models on 194 function-level failures from MBPP+ and HumanEval+ and 126 repository-level failures from SWE-bench Verified. Task-relevant specifications consistently improve repair, wh

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