JANUS: Agentic Cross-Language Fuzzing Harness Generation for Android Native Libraries

Xiangyu Zhang, Yucheng Su, Lingling Fan, Yinan Li, Sen Chen · 2026 · arXiv

DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2610.30218 · open-access PDF

Abstract

Modern Android apps extensively rely on native libraries, bridging Java/Kotlin and C/C++ through the Java Native Interface (JNI). This cross-language interoperation, however, exposes the memory-safe Android Runtime to the unsafe C/C++ world, creating an attack surface that has been repeatedly exploited for full device compromise. While fuzzing is a proven technique for vetting native libraries, state-of-the-art harness generation tools struggle to faithfully capture closed-source cross-language API usage: (i) precise program analysis across the JNI boundary does not scale, whereas lightweight

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